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Retina
The retina is a thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye that plays a crucial role in vision. It contains millions of light-sensitive cells, called photoreceptors, which detect light and send signals to the brain via the optic nerve. The retina helps to convert light into electrical signals that the brain interprets as images.
There are two main types of photoreceptors in the retina:
- Rods: These are responsible for vision in low-light conditions and help with peripheral vision.
- Cones: These are responsible for color vision and function best in bright light.
The retina also includes the macula, the central part of the retina, which is responsible for sharp central vision, and the fovea, which is the center of the macula, providing the sharpest vision.
Any damage or disease affecting the retina can lead to vision problems or even blindness. Conditions like macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal detachment are some examples of retinal issues.